{"id":4368,"date":"2021-07-31T08:56:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-31T13:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368"},"modified":"2021-08-01T09:07:47","modified_gmt":"2021-08-01T14:07:47","slug":"riesgos-de-la-salud-humana-por-metales-pesados","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368","title":{"rendered":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"
Rene Antonio Hinojosa Benavides<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Los metales pesados (MP) cobalto, cromo, hierro, manganeso y zinc se presentan como ben\u00e9ficos al hacerse parte de metaloenzimas, muy vital para los procesos metab\u00f3licos, a diferencia de otros como ars\u00e9nico, cadmio, mercurio y plomo que son perjudiciales para los humanos,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

ya que en seres humanos no hay mecanismos de home\u00f3stasis (Gemma et al., 2008); mientras que la insuficiencia o demas\u00eda de un oligoelemento tiende a influir en la absorci\u00f3n, reparto, metabolismo y destierro de otros en las personas; verbigracia la insuficiencia de hierro, llamada \u201cenfermedad verde\u201d, ocasiona mayor absorci\u00f3n de cadmio (Cd) y plomo (Pb) a nivel gastrointestinal (Sebehat, 2007).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Crowe y Morgan (1997) enfatizan la importancia de la asimilaci\u00f3n de Cd por plantas dentro de suelos contaminados, toda vez que este metal, al competir con cobre, hierro, manganeso, selenio y zinc, por ligantes en los sistemas biol\u00f3gicos, tiende a variar el metabolismo humano, en concordancia con Shuman y Elsenhans (2002) quienes manifiestan que, el ion cadmio limita considerablemente la absorci\u00f3n del hierro por parte del intestino en el ser humano. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ya Cruces y Marint (1996) hab\u00edan indicado que, este metal camuflado en alimentos contaminados, se asienta en los ri\u00f1ones permaneciendo all\u00ed hasta por 30 a\u00f1os, evidenci\u00e1ndose as\u00ed su dif\u00edcil eliminaci\u00f3n por el cuerpo humano.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

De otra parte, Mounicou y Szpunar (2003) aseveran que el elevado grado de exposici\u00f3n al plomo causa problemas en el feto y en los neonatos, ya que les da\u00f1a gravemente su sistema nervioso central (SNC), sobre todo los reci\u00e9n nacidos que se ven afectados a nivel de nervios perif\u00e9ricos, por lo que se les atrofia su sentido del tacto del cuerpo al SNC por medio de la m\u00e9dula espinal,<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Fuente: WHO | World Health Organization<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

mientras que en los infantes la exposici\u00f3n a este metal ocasiona deficiencia auditiva, reducci\u00f3n del coeficiente intelectual, trastornos en el aprendizaje, retraso del crecimiento, y de trato hiperactivo, pero insocial; en t\u00e9rminos generales este metal pesado da\u00f1a h\u00edgado, ri\u00f1\u00f3n, y sistema reproductor, as\u00ed como tambi\u00e9n procesos b\u00e1sicos de fisiolog\u00eda celular y cerebral.<\/span><\/p>\n

No obstante, las advertencias sobre l\u00edmites permisibles de ingesta de alimentos con cadmio, algunos estudios sobre toxicidad por cadmio indican que gran cantidad de personas tiene niveles t\u00f3xicos de este metal en sus ri\u00f1ones, de tal manera que si contin\u00faa esta incorporaci\u00f3n de cadmio en la dieta humana se tendr\u00e1 una alta prevalencia de disfunci\u00f3n tubular renal, sobre todo en personas carentes de vitamina C y las de condici\u00f3n vulnerable como diab\u00e9ticos (Soisungwan et al., 2000). <\/span><\/p>\n

Ciertamente, los programas de salud p\u00fablica con relaci\u00f3n a la acumulaci\u00f3n de Cd solo son de car\u00e1cter profil\u00e1ctico a causa de la carencia de agentes quelantes terap\u00e9uticos eficaces en la eliminaci\u00f3n o expulsi\u00f3n de este metal en los ri\u00f1ones; mientras que Mounicou y Szpunar (2002) afirman que\u00a0 para concebir una idea m\u00e1s precisa acerca del proceso de intoxicaci\u00f3n con MP en personas, se debe estudiar la complejidad de estos MP con mol\u00e9culas ligantes, como los fitatos presentes en el Theobroma cacao<\/em> que reducen la biodisponibilidad de minerales, especialmente calcio, hierro y cinc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Referencias<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gemma, P., Roser, M. y Domingo, J. (2008). Effects of various cooking processes on the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead in foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. <\/em>56<\/em> (23), 11262\u201311269.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sebahat, T,Aziz, P, A, Murat, I., Gunfer, T., Gulten, E., Mevlut, B, Tugrul, Y. y Osman, G.(2007). Interaction between anemia and blood levels of iron, zinc, copper, cadmium and lead in children. Indian J Pediatr, 74<\/em>(9),827-30.<\/span><\/p>\n

Crowe, A., Morgan, E. (1997). Effect of dietary cadmium on iron metabolism in growing rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,145<\/em>(1),136-46.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuman, K. y Elsenhans, B. (2002). The impact of food contaminants on the bioavailability of trace metals. Trace Elem. Med. Bio. 16<\/em>, 139-144.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cruces, E. y Marint, F. (1996). Cadmium binding capacity of cocoa and isolated total dietary fiber under physiological pH conditions. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 72<\/em>, 476-482.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mounicou, S., Szpunar, J., Andrei, D., Blake, C. y Lobinski, R. (2003). Concentrations and bioavailability of cadmium and lead in cocoa powder and related products. Food Additive. Contaminants, 20<\/em>(4), 343 -356.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mounicou, S., Szpunar, J. y Andrey, D. (2002). Development of a sequential enzymolysis approach for the evaluation of the bioaccessibility of Cd and Pb from cocoa.The Royal Society. Chem. Analyst, 127<\/em>, 1638\u20131641.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Soisungwan, S., Haswel, E. y Moore, M. (2000). Safe levels of cadmium intake to prevent renal toxicity in human subjects. British J. Nutrit. 84, 791-802. using electrochemical treatment of the washing solution. J. Hazard. Mater, 165<\/em> (1-3),533-539<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los metales pesados (MP) cobalto, cromo, hierro, manganeso y zinc se presentan como ben\u00e9ficos al hacerse parte de metaloenzimas, muy vital para los procesos metab\u00f3licos, a diferencia de otros como ars\u00e9nico, cadmio, mercurio y plomo que son perjudiciales para los humanos, ya que en seres humanos no hay mecanismos de home\u00f3stasis (Gemma et al., 2008); […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rene-antonio-hinojosa-benavides"],"yoast_head":"\nRiesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los metales pesados (MP) cobalto, cromo, hierro, manganeso y zinc se presentan como ben\u00e9ficos al hacerse parte de metaloenzimas, muy vital para los procesos metab\u00f3licos, a diferencia de otros como ars\u00e9nico, cadmio, mercurio y plomo que son perjudiciales para los humanos, ya que en seres humanos no hay mecanismos de home\u00f3stasis (Gemma et al., 2008); […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"UNAH ALDIA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unahlicenciada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Contaminacion-ambiental-por-metales-pesados.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"650\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"adminaldia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"adminaldia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"adminaldia\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/17033d3e421fee54b15482d54680e0b6\"},\"headline\":\"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\"},\"wordCount\":788,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Rene Antonio Hinojosa Benavides\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\",\"name\":\"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/\",\"name\":\"UNAH ALDIA\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization\",\"name\":\"UNAH ALDIA\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Grupo-de-5-objetos-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Grupo-de-5-objetos-2.png\",\"width\":1225,\"height\":238,\"caption\":\"UNAH ALDIA\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unahlicenciada\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/17033d3e421fee54b15482d54680e0b6\",\"name\":\"adminaldia\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-logo-con-fondo-1-150x150.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-logo-con-fondo-1-150x150.png\",\"caption\":\"adminaldia\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.aldia.unah.edu.pe\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA","og_description":"Los metales pesados (MP) cobalto, cromo, hierro, manganeso y zinc se presentan como ben\u00e9ficos al hacerse parte de metaloenzimas, muy vital para los procesos metab\u00f3licos, a diferencia de otros como ars\u00e9nico, cadmio, mercurio y plomo que son perjudiciales para los humanos, ya que en seres humanos no hay mecanismos de home\u00f3stasis (Gemma et al., 2008); […]","og_url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368","og_site_name":"UNAH ALDIA","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unahlicenciada","article_published_time":"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":650,"url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Contaminacion-ambiental-por-metales-pesados.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"adminaldia","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"adminaldia","Tiempo de lectura":"4 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368"},"author":{"name":"adminaldia","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/17033d3e421fee54b15482d54680e0b6"},"headline":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados","datePublished":"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368"},"wordCount":788,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Rene Antonio Hinojosa Benavides"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368","url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368","name":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados - UNAH ALDIA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-07-31T13:56:00+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-01T14:07:47+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?p=4368#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Riesgos de la salud humana por metales pesados"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/","name":"UNAH ALDIA","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#organization","name":"UNAH ALDIA","url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Grupo-de-5-objetos-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Grupo-de-5-objetos-2.png","width":1225,"height":238,"caption":"UNAH ALDIA"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unahlicenciada"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/17033d3e421fee54b15482d54680e0b6","name":"adminaldia","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-logo-con-fondo-1-150x150.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-logo-con-fondo-1-150x150.png","caption":"adminaldia"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.aldia.unah.edu.pe"],"url":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/?author=1"}]}},"views":3101,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4368"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4373,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4368\/revisions\/4373"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aldia.unah.edu.pe\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}